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Maven 项目中的 pom.xml 文件内容说明
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下面是一个比较全面的 POM 文件的结构，当然常用的并不需要这么多配置，视自己的项目需求而定。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!-- groupId:项目或者组织的唯一标志，并且配置时生成的路径也是由此生成， 如com.mycompany.app生成的相对路径为：/com/mycompany/app -->
<groupId>asia.banseon</groupId>
<!-- artifactId: 项目的通用名称 -->
<artifactId>banseon-maven2</artifactId>
<!-- packaging: 打包的机制，如pom, jar, maven-plugin, ejb, war, ear, rar, par -->
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<!-- version:项目的版本 -->
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <!--父项目 -->
<parent>
<groupId>com.ylink</groupId>
<artifactId>parent</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</parent> <!-- 项目的名称， Maven产生的文档用 -->
<name>banseon-maven</name>
<!-- 从哪个网站可以找到这个项目,提示如果Maven资源列表没有，可以直接上该网站寻找，Maven产生的文档用 -->
<url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon</url>
<!-- 项目的描述, Maven 产生的文档用 -->
<description>A maven project to study maven.</description> <!-- 开发者信息 -->
<developers>
<developer>
<id>HELLO WORLD</id>
<name>banseon</name>
<email>banseon@126.com</email>
<roles>
<role>Project Manager</role>
<role>Architect</role>
</roles>
<organization>demo</organization>
<organizationUrl>http://hi.baidu.com/banseon</organizationUrl>
<properties>
<dept>No</dept>
</properties>
<timezone>-5</timezone>
</developer>
</developers>
<!-- 类似 developers -->
<contributors></contributors>
<!-- 本项目相关 mail list，用于订阅等信息 -->
<mailingLists>
<mailingList>
<name>Demo</name>
<!-- Link mail -->
<post>banseon@126.com</post>
<!-- mail for subscribe the project -->
<subscribe>banseon@126.com</subscribe>
<!-- mail for unsubscribe the project -->
<unsubscribe>banseon@126.com</unsubscribe>
<archive>
http:/hi.baidu.com/banseon/demo/dev/
</archive>
</mailingList>
</mailingLists>
<!-- 项目的问题管理系统(Bugzilla,Jira,Scarab,或任何你喜欢的问题管理系统)的名称和URL，本例为 jira -->
<issueManagement>
<system>jira</system>
<url>http://jira.baidu.com/banseon</url>
</issueManagement>
<!-- organization information -->
<organization>
<name>demo</name>
<url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon</url>
</organization>
<!-- License -->
<licenses>
<license>
<name>Apache 2</name>
<url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
<distribution>repo</distribution>
<comments>A business-friendly OSS license</comments>
</license>
</licenses> <!-- scm(software configuration management)标签允许你配置你的代码库，为Maven web站点和其它插件使用。
如果你正在使用CVS或Subversion，source repository页面同样能给如何使用代码库的详细的、工具相关的指令。 下面是一个典型SCM的配置例子 -->
<scm>
<!-- 项目在 svn 上对应的资源 -->
<connection>
scm:svn:http://svn.baidu.com/banseon/maven/banseon/banseon-maven2-trunk(dao-trunk)
</connection>
<developerConnection>
scm:svn:http://svn.baidu.com/banseon/maven/banseon/dao-trunk
</developerConnection>
<url>http://svn.baidu.com/banseon</url>
</scm>
<!-- 用于配置分发管理，配置相应的产品发布信息,主要用于发布，在执行mvn deploy后表示要发布的位置 -->
<distributionManagement>
<!-- 配置到文件系统 -->
<repository>
<id>banseon-maven2</id>
<name>banseon maven2</name>
<url>file://${basedir}/target/deploy</url>
</repository>
<!-- 使用ssh2配置 -->
<snapshotRepository>
<id>banseon-maven2</id>
<name>Banseon-maven2 Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>scp://svn.baidu.com/banseon:/usr/local/maven-snapshot</url>
</snapshotRepository>
<!-- 使用ssh2配置 -->
<site>
<id>banseon-site</id>
<name>business api website</name>
<url>
scp://svn.baidu.com/banseon:/var/www/localhost/banseon-web
</url>
</site>
</distributionManagement> <!-- 依赖关系 -->
<dependencies>
<!--项目的模块依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<!-- scope 说明 -compile ：默认范围，用于编译 -provided：类似于编译，但支持你期待jdk或者容器提供，类似于classpath
-runtime: 在执行时，需要使用 -test: 用于test任务时使用 -system: 需要外在提供相应的元素。通过systemPath来取得
-systemPath: 仅用于范围为system。提供相应的路径 -optional: 标注可选，当项目自身也是依赖时。用于连续依赖时使用 -->
<scope>test</scope>
<!-- <type>jar</type> <optional>true</optional> -->
</dependency> <!--外在告诉maven你只包括指定的项目，不包括相关的依赖。此因素主要用于解决版本冲突问题 如下依赖表示 项目acegi-security依赖
org.springframework.XXX 项目，但我们不需要引用这些项目 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.acegisecurity</groupId>
<artifactId>acegi-security</artifactId>
<version>1.0.5</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-support</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-remoting</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
<version>2.5.1</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>2.5.1</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>8.2-504.jdbc4</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
<artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId>
<version>11.1.0.6</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <!--maven proxy, 本地仓库，替代 maven.apache.org 网站 jar 列表，用户下载时，首先寻找该站点 如资源找到，则下载。否则才去
jar 列表网站。对多人团队，可节省下载速度和个人存储空间。 -->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>banseon-repository-proxy</id>
<name>banseon-repository-proxy</name>
<url>http://192.168.1.169:9999/repository/</url>
<layout>default</layout>
</repository>
</repositories> <!--插件库 -->
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>banseon-repository-proxy</id>
<name>banseon-repository-proxy</name>
<url>http://192.168.1.169:9999/repository/</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories> <!-- build配置 -->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<!-- 资源根目录排除各环境的配置，防止在生成目录中多余其它目录 -->
<excludes>
<exclude>prod/*</exclude>
<exclude>dev/*</exclude>
<exclude>test/*</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources/${profiles.active}</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<packagingExcludes>WEB-INF/web.xml</packagingExcludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>utf8</encoding>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<includes>
<include>**/com/**</include>
</includes>
<outputDirectory>target/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}/WEB-INF/lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8888</port>
<path>/</path>
<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
<server>tomcat7</server>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build> <!-- 资源目录配置，这里可以区分开发，测试，生产环境，只需要把相应的activeByDefault修改为true即可 -->
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>dev</id>
<properties>
<profiles.active>dev</profiles.active>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>test</id>
<properties>
<profiles.active>test</profiles.active>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>prod</id>
<properties>
<profiles.active>prod</profiles.active>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>
下面我贴一个常用的 POM 文件结构。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.test.mall</groupId>
<artifactId>wb_test_service</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1</version>
<name>jd_market_service Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
<version>4.4.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.9</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>2.1_3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<!-- 资源根目录排除各环境的配置，防止在生成目录中多余其它目录 -->
<excludes>
<exclude>prod/*</exclude>
<exclude>dev/*</exclude>
<exclude>test/*</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources/${profiles.active}</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<packagingExcludes>WEB-INF/web.xml</packagingExcludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>utf8</encoding>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<includes>
<include>**/com/**</include>
</includes>
<outputDirectory>target/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}/WEB-INF/lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8888</port>
<path>/</path>
<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
<server>tomcat7</server>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build> <profiles>
<profile>
<id>dev</id>
<properties>
<profiles.active>dev</profiles.active>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>test</id>
<properties>
<profiles.active>test</profiles.active>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>prod</id>
<properties>
<profiles.active>prod</profiles.active>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>
