正文
Centos7安装Oracle12c教程
小程序:扫一扫查出行
【扫一扫了解最新限行尾号】
复制小程序
【扫一扫了解最新限行尾号】
复制小程序
12c数据库
创建oracle的系统用户和用户组
[root@localhost /]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost /]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost /]# groupadd oper
[root@localhost /]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@localhost /]# echo "root" | passwd --stdin oracle
创建oracle安装目录
[root@localhost home]# mkdir -p /home/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
[root@localhost home]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/app
[root@localhost home]# chmod -R 775 /home/app
修改内核参数
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr =
fs.file-max =
kernel.shmall =
kernel.shmmax =
kernel.shmmni =
kernel.sem =
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =
net.core.rmem_default =
net.core.rmem_max =
net.core.wmem_default =
net.core.wmem_max =
#使其生效
[root@localhost home]# sysctl -p
修改文件限制
[root@localhost /]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost /]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost /]# groupadd oper
[root@localhost /]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@localhost /]# echo "root" | passwd --stdin oracle
创建oracle安装目录
[root@localhost home]# mkdir -p /home/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
[root@localhost home]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/app
[root@localhost home]# chmod -R 775 /home/app
修改内核参数
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr =
fs.file-max =
kernel.shmall =
kernel.shmmax =
kernel.shmmni =
kernel.sem =
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =
net.core.rmem_default =
net.core.rmem_max =
net.core.wmem_default =
net.core.wmem_max =
#使其生效
[root@localhost home]# sysctl -p
修改文件限制
[root@localhost home]# mkdir -p /home/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
[root@localhost home]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/app
[root@localhost home]# chmod -R 775 /home/app
vim /etc/sysctl.conf fs.aio-max-nr =
fs.file-max =
kernel.shmall =
kernel.shmmax =
kernel.shmmni =
kernel.sem =
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =
net.core.rmem_default =
net.core.rmem_max =
net.core.wmem_default =
net.core.wmem_max = #使其生效
[root@localhost home]# sysctl -p
修改文件限制
[root@localhost home]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc
oracle hard nproc
oracle soft nofile
oracle hard nofile
oracle soft stack
[root@localhost home]# vim /etc/pam.d/login 添加: session required pam_limits.so 修改ulimit:vi /etc/profile,添加: [root@localhost home]# vim /etc/profile if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536a else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi |
修改环境变量
[root@localhost home]# vim ~oracle/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/home/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1./db_1
ORACLE_SID=gdlisnet
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
export LANG=C
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
#生效
[root@localhost home]# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
安装依赖包
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++- compat-libstdc++-*.i686 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc*.i686 glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libgcc*.i686 libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686 libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686 libXp
关闭防火墙
[root@localhost home]# vim ~oracle/.bash_profile ORACLE_BASE=/home/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1./db_1
ORACLE_SID=gdlisnet
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
export LANG=C
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
#生效
[root@localhost home]# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++- compat-libstdc++-*.i686 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc*.i686 glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libgcc*.i686 libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686 libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686 libXp
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld.service 重启也是禁止的
进行安装
以oracle用户登录
[oracle@localhost home]# cd /home/app/oracle
[oracle@localhost oracle]# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
[oracle@localhost oracle]# export LANG="en_US"
[oracle@localhost oracle]# cd /home/app/oracle/database
[oracle@localhost oracle]# ./runInstaller
输入xhost+时候如果找不到命令需要安装
yum whatprovides "*/xhost"
按照结果yum 安装
如果报错:
/usr/bin/xdpyinfo 检查是否安装
yum -y install xdpyinfo 进行安装
[oracle@localhost database]$ xhost +
xhost: unable to open display ""
#本机IP:192.168.10.38
[oracle@localhost database]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.10.38:0.0
[oracle@localhost database]$ xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
打开Xmanager - Passive即可调出界面
以oracle用户登录 [oracle@localhost home]# cd /home/app/oracle
[oracle@localhost oracle]# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
[oracle@localhost oracle]# export LANG="en_US"
[oracle@localhost oracle]# cd /home/app/oracle/database
[oracle@localhost oracle]# ./runInstaller 输入xhost+时候如果找不到命令需要安装
yum whatprovides "*/xhost"
按照结果yum 安装 如果报错:
/usr/bin/xdpyinfo 检查是否安装
yum -y install xdpyinfo 进行安装 [oracle@localhost database]$ xhost +
xhost: unable to open display ""
#本机IP:192.168.10.38
[oracle@localhost database]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.10.38:0.0
[oracle@localhost database]$ xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host 打开Xmanager - Passive即可调出界面
创建和配置数据库
服务器类
单实例数据库
高级安装
企业版
一般用途
设置SID和数据库名,把创建容器数据库勾去
对所有账户使用相同密码
按提示解决解决
解决交换空间问题
#以root用户
[root@localhost ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem:
Swap:
[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1024 count=1024000
记录了1024000+ 的读入
记录了1024000+ 的写出
1048576000字节(1.0 GB)已复制,3.82043 秒, MB/秒
[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /home/swap
正在设置交换空间版本 ,大小 = KiB
无标签,UUID=d50c7ffb-96c8-40b9--c535391a86f8
[root@localhost ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem:
Swap:
[root@localhost ~]# swapon /home/swap
[root@localhost ~]#
添加兼容版本,修改密码
#以root用户
[root@localhost ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem:
Swap:
[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1024 count=1024000
记录了1024000+ 的读入
记录了1024000+ 的写出
1048576000字节(1.0 GB)已复制,3.82043 秒, MB/秒
[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /home/swap
正在设置交换空间版本 ,大小 = KiB
无标签,UUID=d50c7ffb-96c8-40b9--c535391a86f8
[root@localhost ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem:
Swap:
[root@localhost ~]# swapon /home/swap
[root@localhost ~]#
注意:配置完服务器端的sqlnet.ora文件后,务必要重新修改密码,否则仍登录失败
[oracle@localhost database]$ vim /home/app/oracle/product/12.1./db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora #添加如下内容
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=; #oracle12c以上需要改密码
sqlplus / as sysdba
alter user 服务名 identified by 密码;
开放oracle相关端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
查看监听的端口
netstat -lnpt
查看防火墙状态
firewall-cmd --state
检查端口被哪个进程占用
netstat -lnpt |grep
查看进程的详细信息
ps
中止进程
kill -
设置开机自启动
[oracle@centos7 /]$ vim /etc/oratab
gdlisnet:/home/app/oracle/product/12.1./db_1:Y
[oracle@centos7 bin]$ vim /home/app/oracle/product/12.1./bin/dbstart
将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1改成
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
[root@centos7 bin]# vim /etc/rc.local
su - oracle -c '/home/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/bin/lsnrctl start'
su - oracle -c '/home/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/bin/dbstart'
[root@centos7 bin]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent 查看监听的端口
netstat -lnpt 查看防火墙状态
firewall-cmd --state 检查端口被哪个进程占用
netstat -lnpt |grep 查看进程的详细信息
ps 中止进程
kill -
[oracle@centos7 /]$ vim /etc/oratab
gdlisnet:/home/app/oracle/product/12.1./db_1:Y
[oracle@centos7 bin]$ vim /home/app/oracle/product/12.1./bin/dbstart
将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1改成
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
[root@centos7 bin]# vim /etc/rc.local
su - oracle -c '/home/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/bin/lsnrctl start'
su - oracle -c '/home/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/bin/dbstart'
[root@centos7 bin]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
同步网络时间
[root@centos7 /]# yum -y install ntp
[root@centos7 /]# ntpdate -u ntp.api.bz
[root@centos7 /]# hwclock –w
lsnrctl status 查看状态
lsnrctl start 启动
lsnrctl stop 停止
常用命令:
sqlplus /nolog //登录sqlplus
connect /as sysdba //连接oracle
startup //起动数据库
shutdown //关闭数据库
shutdown immediate
exit //退出sqlplus