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Salt-API安装配置及使用
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Python3使用saltstack和salt-api
安装python3
1. tar zxvf Python-3.5.1.tgz
2. cd Python-3.5.1
3. ./configure
4. make
5. make install
6. mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2 # 如果是软连接，可以直接删除
7. ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python
8. vim /usr/bin/yum # 修改Yum,使yum依然有效，yum依靠老版本的python
9. #!/usr/bin/python 修改为#!/usr/bin/python2
# 修改完/usr/bin/yum 依然还有问题，可以尝试修改/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down的文件python抬头
安装 salt-api
yum install salt-api -y
配置
生成自签名证书(用于ssl)
cd /etc/pki/tls/certs
# 生成自签名证书, 过程中需要输入key密码及RDNs
make testcert
cd /etc/pki/tls/private/
# 解密key文件，生成无密码的key文件, 过程中需要输入key密码，该密码为之前生成证书时设置的密码
openssl rsa -in localhost.key -out localhost_nopass.key
创建用于salt-api的用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin salt-api
echo "salt-api" | passwd salt-api —stdin
修改/etc/salt/master文件
sed -i '/#default_include/s/#default/default/g' /etc/salt/master
mkdir /etc/salt/master.d
新增配置文件/etc/salt/master.d/api.conf
cat /etc/salt/master.d/api.conf
rest_cherrypy:
port: 8000
ssl_crt: /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt
ssl_key: /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost_nopass.key
新增配置文件/etc/salt/master.d/eauth.conf
cat /etc/salt/master.d/eauth.conf
external_auth:
pam:
salt-api:
- .*
- '@wheel'
- '@runner'
启动salt-master and salt-api
systemctl start salt-master
systemctl start salt-api
安装一个salt client
yum install salt-minion -y
修改配置
sed -i "/^#master: salt/c master: 192.168.104.76" /etc/salt/minion
启动 client
systemctl start salt-minion
master 上接受key
[root@node76 salt]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
node76
Rejected Keys:
[root@node76 salt]# salt-key -A
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
node76
Proceed? [n/Y] Y
Key for minion node76 accepted.
[root@node76 salt]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
node76
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:
api使用
使用curl 获取token
curl -k https://192.168.104.76:8000/login -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -d username='salt-api' -d password='salt-api' -d eauth='pam'
return:
- eauth: pam
expire: 1520269544.2591
perms:
- .*
- '@wheel'
- '@runner'
start: 1520226344.259099
token: 593a7224f988f28b84d58b7cda38fe5e5ea07d98
user: salt-api
参数解释:
--sslv3 指定sslv3版本
-k 忽略证书获取https内容
-s 指定使用静默(silent)方式
-i 指定SaltAPI收到服务器返回的结果同时显示HTTP Header。
-H 指定一个特定的Header给远端服务器，当SaltAPI 需要发送appliton-tion/json Header时。会以我们希望的JSON格式返回结果
-d 想远端服务器发送POST请求，以key=value的格式发送 ，注意key=v时，必须紧挨=号两边
-
获取token后就可以使用token通信
-
注：重启salt-api后token改变
测试minion端的联通性
- 下面功能类似于“salt '*' test.ping”
curl -k https://192.168.104.76:8000 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: ded897184a942ca75683276c29d787ea71c207a9" -d client='local' -d tgt='*' -d fun='test.ping'
return:
- node76: true
参数解释：
client ： 模块，python处理salt-api的主要模块，‘client interfaces <netapi-clients>’
local : 使用‘LocalClient <salt.client.LocalClient>’ 发送命令给受控主机，等价于saltstack命令行中的'salt'命令
local_async : 和local不同之处在于，这个模块是用于异步操作的，即在master端执行命令后返回的是一个jobid，任务放在后台运行，通过产看jobid的结果来获取命令的执行结果。
runner : 使用'RunnerClient<salt.runner.RunnerClient>' 调用salt-master上的runner模块，等价于saltstack命令行中的'salt-run'命令
runner_async : 异步执行runner模块
wheel : 使用'WheelClient<salt.wheel.WheelClient>', 调用salt-master上的wheel模块，wheel模块没有在命令行端等价的模块，但它通常管理主机资源，比如文件状态，pillar文件，salt配置文件，以及关键模块<salt.wheel.key>功能类似于命令行中的salt-key。
wheel_async : 异步执行wheel模块
备注：一般情况下local模块，需要tgt和arg(数组)，kwarg(字典)，因为这些值将被发送到minions并用于执行所请求的函数。而runner和wheel都是直接应用于master，不需要这些参数。
tgt : minions
fun : 函数
arg : 参数
expr_form : tgt的匹配规则
'glob' - Bash glob completion - Default
'pcre' - Perl style regular expression
'list' - Python list of hosts
'grain' - Match based on a grain comparison
'grain_pcre' - Grain comparison with a regex
'pillar' - Pillar data comparison
'nodegroup' - Match on nodegroup
'range' - Use a Range server for matching
'compound' - Pass a compound match string
执行远程命令
- 下面功能类似于“salt '*' cmd.run ifconfig”
curl -k https://192.168.104.76:8000 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: ded897184a942ca75683276c29d787ea71c207a9" -d client='local' -d tgt='*' -d fun='cmd.run' -d arg='uptime'
return:
- node76: ' 13:18:46 up 161 days, 2:23, 1 user, load average: 0.15, 0.09, 0.10'
使用state.sls
- 下面功能类似于“salt '*' state.sls ifconfig”
curl -k https://192.168.104.76:8000 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: ded897184a942ca75683276c29d787ea71c207a9" -d client='local' -d tgt='*' -d fun='state.sls' -d arg='ifconfig'
return:
- node76:
cmd_|-ifconfig_|-ifconfig_|-run:
__run_num__: 0
changes:
pid: 30954
retcode: 0
stderr: ''
stdout: "eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:B5:5C:28 \n \
\ inet addr:192.168.90.63 Bcast:192.168.90.255 Mask:255.255.255.0\n\
\ inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:feb5:5c28/64 Scope:Link\n \
\ UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1\n RX packets:825051\
\ errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0\n TX packets:434351 errors:0\
\ dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0\n collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000\
\ \n RX bytes:60353823 (57.5 MiB) TX bytes:27062672 (25.8 MiB)\n\
\nlo Link encap:Local Loopback \n inet addr:127.0.0.1 \
\ Mask:255.0.0.0\n inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host\n UP\
\ LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1\n RX packets:808 errors:0\
\ dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0\n TX packets:808 errors:0 dropped:0\
\ overruns:0 carrier:0\n collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 \n \
\ RX bytes:59931 (58.5 KiB) TX bytes:59931 (58.5 KiB)"
comment: Command "ifconfig" run
duration: 11.991
name: ifconfig
result: true
start_time: '13:59:06.334112'
使用Targeting
- 下面功能类似于"salt -L '192.168.90.61,192.168.90.63' test.ping"
curl -k https://192.168.104.76:8000 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: ded897184a942ca75683276c29d787ea71c207a9" -d client='local' -d tgt='node76' -d expr_form='list' -d fun='test.ping'
return:
- node76: true
以json格式输出
curl -k https://192.168.104.76:8000 -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: ded897184a942ca75683276c29d787ea71c207a9" -d client='local' -d tgt='node76' -d fun='cmd.run' -d arg='uptime'
{"return": [{"node76": " 13:25:20 up 161 days, 2:30, 1 user, load average: 0.01, 0.06, 0.08"}]}
使用jobs
curl -k -s https://192.168.104.76:8000/jobs/20180306112645047796 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: a7f8b2fab2bfb05334f8a314d97925c1bec1d14c"
info:
- Arguments:
- uptime
Function: cmd.run
Minions:
- node76
Result:
node76:
return: ' 11:26:45 up 162 days, 31 min, 1 user, load average: 0.12, 0.07,
0.08'
StartTime: 2018, Mar 06 11:26:45.047796
Target: node76
Target-type: glob
User: salt-api
jid: '20180306112645047796'
return:
- node76: ' 11:26:45 up 162 days, 31 min, 1 user, load average: 0.12, 0.07, 0.08'
#结果
curl -k -s https://192.168.104.76:8000/jobs/20180306112645047796 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: a7f8b2fab2bfb05334f8a314d97925c1bec1d14c"
info:
- Arguments:
- uptime
Function: cmd.run
Minions:
- node76
Result:
node76:
return: ' 11:26:45 up 162 days, 31 min, 1 user, load average: 0.12, 0.07,
0.08'
StartTime: 2018, Mar 06 11:26:45.047796
Target: node76
Target-type: glob
User: salt-api
jid: '20180306112645047796'
return:
- node76: ' 11:26:45 up 162 days, 31 min, 1 user, load average: 0.12, 0.07, 0.08'
