练习|Django-多表

小程序：扫一扫查出行
【扫一扫了解最新限行尾号】
复制小程序

models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Author(models.Model):

    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    name=models.CharField( max_length=32)

    age=models.IntegerField()

class Publish(models.Model):

    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    name=models.CharField( max_length=32)

    city=models.CharField( max_length=32)

    email=models.EmailField()

class Book(models.Model):

    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    title = models.CharField( max_length=32)

    publishDate=models.DateField()

    price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=5,decimal_places=2) # 999.99

    # 与Publish建立一对多的关系,外键字段建立在多的一方

    publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish",to_field="nid",on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    # 与Author表建立多对多的关系,ManyToManyField可以建在两个模型中的任意一个，自动创建第三张表

    authors=models.ManyToManyField(to='Author',)

urls.py

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path,re_path

from book import views

urlpatterns = [

    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

    re_path('books/add/$', views.add_book),

    re_path('books/$', views.books),

    re_path('books/(\d+)/change/$', views.change_book),

    re_path('books/(\d+)/delete/$', views.delete_book),

]

在settings里边

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect

# Create your views here.

from .models import Publish,Author,Book

def add_book(request):

    if request.method=="POST":

        title=request.POST.get("title")

        price=request.POST.get("price")

        pub_date=request.POST.get("pub_date")

        publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id")

        authors_id_list=request.POST.getlist("authors_id_list") # checkbox,select

        book_obj=Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,publishDate=pub_date,publish_id=publish_id)

        print(authors_id_list) # ['2', '3']

        book_obj.authors.add(*authors_id_list)

        return HttpResponse("success")

    publish_list=Publish.objects.all()

    author_list=Author.objects.all()

    return render(request,"addbook.html",{"author_list":author_list,"publish_list":publish_list})

def books(request):

    book_list = Book.objects.all()

    return render(request, "book.html",{"book_list":book_list})

def change_book(request,edit_book_id):

    edit_book_obj = Book.objects.filter(pk = edit_book_id).first()

    if request.method == 'POST':

        title = request.POST.get('title')

        price = request.POST.get('price')

        pub_date = request.POST.get('pub_date')

        publish_id = request.POST.get('publish_id')

        authors_id_list = request.POST.getlist('authors_id_list')

        Book.objects.filter(pk=edit_book_id).update(title=title, price=price,publishDate=pub_date, publish_id=publish_id)

        # edit_book_obj.authors.clear()

        # edit_book_obj.authors.add(*authors_id_list)

        edit_book_obj.authors.set(authors_id_list)

        return redirect("/books/")

    publish_list = Publish.objects.all()

    author_list = Author.objects.all()

    return render(request, 'editbook.html',{"edit_book_obj":edit_book_obj, "publish_list":publish_list, "author_list":author_list})

def delete_book(request, delete_book_id):

    Book.objects.filter(pk=delete_book_id).delete()

    return redirect("/books/")

addbook.html（添加书籍）

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css">

</head>

<body>

<h3>添加书籍</h3>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">

            <form action="" method="post">

                {% csrf_token %}

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">名称</label>

                    <input type="text" name="title" class="form-control" value="">

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">价格</label>

                    <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control">

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">出版日期</label>

                    <input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control">

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">出版社</label>

                    <select name="publish_id" id="" class="form-control">

                        {% for publish in publish_list %}

                            <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>

                        {% endfor %}

                    </select>

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">作者</label>

                    <select type="text" name="authors_id_list" multiple class="form-control">

                        {% for author in author_list %}

                            <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>

                        {% endfor %}

                    </select>

                </div>

                <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">

            </form>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

book.html（查看书籍）

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css">

</head>

<body>

<h3>查看书籍</h3>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> {# 边框、悬浮时变色、条纹编码 #}

            <a href="/books/add" class="btn btn-primary">添加书籍</a>

            <table class="table table-bordered table-hover table-striped">

                <thead>

                <tr>

                    <th>编号</th>

                    <th>书籍名称</th>

                    <th>价格</th>

                    <th>出版日期

                    <th>出版社</th>

                    <th>作者</th>

                    <th>操作</th>

                </tr>

                </thead>

                <tbody>

                {% for book in book_list %}

                    <tr>

                        <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>

                        <td>{{ book.title }}</td>

                        <td>{{ book.price }}</td>

                        <td>{{ book.publishDate|date:'Y-m-d' }}</td>

                        <td>{{ book.publish.name }}</td>

                        <td>

                            {% for author in book.authors.all %}

                                {% if forloop.last %}

                                    <span>{{ author.name }}</span>

                                {% else %}

                                    <span>{{ author.name }}</span>,

                                {% endif %}

                            {% endfor %}

                        </td>

                        <td>

                            <a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/change/" class="btn btn-warning">编辑</a>

                            <a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/delete/" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>

                        </td>

                    </tr>

                {% endfor %}

                </tbody>

            </table>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

editbook.html（编辑书籍）

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css">

</head>

<body>

<h3>编辑书籍</h3>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">

            <form action="" method="post">

                {% csrf_token %}

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">名称</label>

                    <input type="text" name="title" class="form-control" value="{{ edit_book_obj.title }}">

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">价格</label>

                    <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control" value="{{ edit_book_obj.price }}">

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">出版日期</label>

                    <input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control"

                           value="{{ edit_book_obj.publishDate|date:'Y-m-d' }}">

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">出版社</label>

                    <select name="publish_id" id="" class="form-control">

                        {% for publish in publish_list %}

                            <option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>

                            {% if edit_book_obj.publish == publish %}

                            {% else %}

                                <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>

                            {% endif %}

                        {% endfor %}

                    </select>

                </div>

                <div class="form-group">

                    <label for="">作者</label>

                    <select type="text" name="authors_id_list" multiple class="form-control">

                        {% for author in author_list %}

                            {% if author in edit_book_obj.authors.all %}

                                <option selected value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>

                            {% else %}

                                <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>

                            {% endif %}

                        {% endfor %}

                    </select>

                </div>

                <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">

            </form>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

</body>

</html>