【WPF】日常笔记

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本文专用于记录WPF开发中的小细节，作为备忘录使用。

1. 关于绑定：

Text ="{Binding AnchorageValue,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"

2. 关于ListBox的样式

//第一种
<ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<Style.Resources>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}" Color="Transparent" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.HighlightTextBrushKey}" Color="Black" />
</Style.Resources>
<Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle" Value="{x:Null}"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
</Style>
</ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>

//第二种

3. DataGrid数据添加折叠

Resource:

<ResourceDictionary>
<Style x:Key="GridGroupHeadStyle" TargetType="{x:Type GroupItem}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type GroupItem}">
<Expander x:Name="GroupExpander" IsExpanded="True" >
<Expander.Header>
<TextBlock Foreground="SlateBlue" FontSize="">
<TextBlock.Text>
<MultiBinding StringFormat="{}{0} ({1})">
<Binding Path="Name"/>
<Binding Path="ItemCount"/>
</MultiBinding>
</TextBlock.Text>
</TextBlock>
</Expander.Header>
<ItemsPresenter />
</Expander>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</ResourceDictionary> //还有一种样式：
<ResourceDictionary>
       <Style x:Key="GridGroupHeadStyle" TargetType="{x:Type GroupItem}">
           <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type GroupItem}">
                         <Expander x:Name="GroupExpander" IsExpanded="True">
                             <Expander.Style>
                                  <Style TargetType="{x:Type Expander}">
                                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="CornflowerBlue"/>
                                  </Style>
                             </Expander.Style>
                          <Expander.Header>
                          <TextBlock Foreground="Black" FontWeight="ExtraBold" FontSize="12" Text="{Binding Path=Name}"/>
                        </Expander.Header>
                          <ItemsPresenter />
                       </Expander>
                   </ControlTemplate>
               </Setter.Value>
           </Setter>
         <Setter Property="Background" Value="Gainsboro"></Setter>
     </Style>
</ResourceDictionary>

//还有一种样式：
<ResourceDictionary>
      <Style x:Key="GridGroupHeadStyle" TargetType="{x:Type GroupItem}">
             <Setter Property="Template">
                  <Setter.Value>
                        <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type GroupItem}">
                            <Expander x:Name="GroupExpander" IsExpanded="True" FlowDirection="RightToLeft">
                                <Expander.Style>
                                    <Style TargetType="{x:Type Expander}">
                                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="CornflowerBlue"/>
                                    </Style>
                                </Expander.Style>
                                <Expander.HeaderTemplate>
                                    <DataTemplate>
                                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=Expander}, Path=DataContext.Name}"
                                                   Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=Expander}, Path=ActualWidth}"
                                                   Margin="-30,0,0,0"
                                                   FlowDirection="LeftToRight">
                                        </TextBlock>
                                    </DataTemplate>
                                </Expander.HeaderTemplate>
                                <ItemsPresenter FlowDirection="LeftToRight"/>
                            </Expander>
                      </ControlTemplate>
                  </Setter.Value>
           </Setter>
       <Setter Property="Background" Value="Gainsboro"></Setter>
    </Style>
</ResourceDictionary>

DataGrid: 需要注意的是DataGrid的ItemsSource绑定的是ViewModel中的Groups而不是Info

<DataGrid.GroupStyle>
<GroupStyle ContainerStyle="{StaticResource GridGroupHeadStyle}">
<GroupStyle.Panel>
<ItemsPanelTemplate>
<DataGridRowsPresenter/>
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</GroupStyle.Panel>
</GroupStyle>
</DataGrid.GroupStyle>

ViewModel: 这里的PropertyGroupDescription填写的是你分组所依据的字段，并且是存在于<Model>中的。

public ObservableCollection<Model> Info { get; set; }public ListCollectionView Groups { get; set; }Groups = new ListCollectionView(Info);
Groups.GroupDescriptions.Add(new PropertyGroupDescription("Your Group Name"));

4. KeyboardNavigation.TabIndex

5. Button设置IsDefault=“true”则可以按Enter键触发这个按钮

6. DataGrid有些列需要ToolTip，最好的方法是重新Template。不建议DataGrid.CellStyle全部统一加上ToolTip，因为值所在列内容较短根本不需要ToolTip。

7. 假设一个DataGrid的一列全是button，建议不在Model中去实现button的功能，而是在ViewModel中统一用一个命令去完成，界面上必须这样做：

Command命令为UninstallCmd，写在ViewModel里

<UserControl.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<DataTemplate x:Key="btnTemplate">
<Button Margin="" Content="卸载" Command="{Binding Path=DataContext.UninstallCmd,RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=DataGrid}}" CommandParameter="{Binding Isbn}" />
</DataTemplate>
</ResourceDictionary>
</UserControl.Resources> <DataGrid Name="dataGrid" Grid.Row="" Margin="5,5"
ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Isbns}"
Background="White"
AlternatingRowBackground="#EBEBEB"
SelectionMode="Single"
CanUserSortColumns="False"
CanUserAddRows="False"
AutoGenerateColumns="False"
CanUserReorderColumns="False"
CanUserResizeColumns="True" > <DataGrid.Columns>
<DataGridTemplateColumn Header="是否卸载" Width="Auto" CellTemplate="{StaticResource btnTemplate}"/>
</DataGrid.Columns>
</DataGrid>

8. 在一些界面中使用PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown或者MouseLeftButtonDown会没有反应，这时候就只能使用PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp事件了。

<i:Interaction.Triggers>
<i:EventTrigger EventName="PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp">
<i:InvokeCommandAction Command="{Binding ChangeDisplayCmd}"/>
</i:EventTrigger>
</i:Interaction.Triggers>

9. DataGrid的ColumnHeader需要绑定整个界面ViewModel的某一个属性，而不是DataGrid.ItemsSource中的值：

下面这个例子的DataGridTextColumn的Header绑定的就是界面ViewModel的ColorConfig属性。

10. Image后台绑定时需要的是BitMapImage而不是简单的图片路径string，需要写Converter

//Xaml Code
<converters:MyConverter x:Key="MyImageConverter" FolderName="MyFolder"/><Image Grid.Row="" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" gif:ImageBehavior.AnimatedSource="{Binding MyImageSource, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged,Converter={StaticResource MyImageConverter}}"/>

//Converter Code
public class MyConverter : IValueConverter
{
public string FolderName { get; set; }
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
if (value != null)
{
if (((string) value).Contains("SpecialText"))
{
return new BitmapImage(new Uri(value as string, UriKind.Absolute));
}
else
{
string uriString = $"pack://application:,,,/{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName()};component/Resources/Image/{FolderName}/{value}";
return new BitmapImage(new Uri(uriString));
}
}
return null;
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
return null;
}
}

11. Datagrid的水平及竖向网格都为虚线

<DataGrid.HorizontalGridLinesBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="3,0" MappingMode="Absolute" SpreadMethod="Repeat">
<GradientStop Offset="" Color="Black"/>
<GradientStop Offset="0.5" Color="Black"/>
<GradientStop Offset="0.5" Color="Transparent"/>
<GradientStop Offset="" Color="Transparent"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</DataGrid.HorizontalGridLinesBrush>
<DataGrid.VerticalGridLinesBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,3" MappingMode="Absolute" SpreadMethod="Repeat">
<GradientStop Offset="" Color="Black"/>
<GradientStop Offset="0.5" Color="Black"/>
<GradientStop Offset="0.5" Color="Transparent"/>
<GradientStop Offset="" Color="Transparent"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</DataGrid.VerticalGridLinesBrush>

12. 当ListBox自定义Template时我们会发现，点选ListBox会出现两个选中项，但是我们已经设置了ListBox的SelectionMode为Single。我们需要对ListBox的Template中的控件做一些Style设置：

13.Button的Style如何重写才能有效