(二)学习MVC之实现用户注册功能

using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;namespace RegisterExample.Models
{
/// <summary>
/// 用户模型
/// </summary> public class User
{
[Key]
public int UserId { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 用户组Id
/// </summary>
// [System.Web.Mvc.Remote("Exists", "User", ErrorMessage = "用户名已存在")] //Remote特性可以利用服务器端的毁掉函数执行客户端的验证逻辑。在特性中可以设置客户端代码要调用的控制器名称和操作名称，这里的控制器名称是“User”，操作名称是“Exists”
[Display(Name = "用户组Id")] //Display特性可以为模型属性设置友好的“显示名称”
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")] //当Required 指定的属性为null或空是，它的特性将会引发一个验证错误。ErrorMessage可以自定义错误提示消息。 public int GroupId { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 用户名
/// </summary> [Display(Name = "用户名", Description = "4-20个字符。")] //上面提到Name是显示名称，Description是提示。
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength(, MinimumLength = , ErrorMessage = "×")] //StringLength验证特性，这里的20表示允许的最大长度值，MinimumLength=4表示设定字符串的最小长度是4.若不符合设定值范围，则返回ErrorMessage的自定义错误提示消息。
public string UserName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 密码
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "密码")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength()]
public string Password { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 性别【0-男；1-女；2-保密】
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "性别")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[Range(, , ErrorMessage = "×")] //Range（中文意思是范围）特性用来指定数值类型值的最小值和最大值。
public byte Gender { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Email
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "Email", Description = "请输入您常用的Email。")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[EmailAddress(ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string Email { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 密保问题
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "密保问题", Description = "请正确填写，在您忘记密码时用户找回密码。4-20个字符。")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength(, MinimumLength = , ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string SecurityQuestion { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 密保答案
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "密保答案", Description = "请认真填写，忘记密码后回答正确才能找回密码。2-20个字符。")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength(, MinimumLength = , ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string SecurityAnswer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// QQ号码
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "QQ号码")]
[RegularExpression("^[1-9][0-9]{4-13}$", ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength(, MinimumLength = , ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string QQ { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 电话号码
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "电话号码", Description = "常用的联系电话（手机或固话），固话格式为：区号-号码。")]
[RegularExpression("^[0-9-]{11-13}$", ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string Tel { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 联系地址
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "联系地址", Description = "常用地址，最多80个字符。")]
[StringLength(, ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string Address { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 邮编
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "邮编")]
[RegularExpression("^[0-9]{6}$", ErrorMessage = "×")] //RegularExpression意思是正则表达式，是一种检查字符串和内容的简洁有效方式。如果输入的信息不能喝正则表达式匹配，就会看到错误提示消息。
public string PostCode { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 注册时间
/// </summary>
public DateTime? RegTime { get; set; } // DateTime 是值类型，.NET 值类型一经初始化，就有必须有值，不能赋 null。但是数据库中任意类型都可以有空null，所以，.net 2.0 引入了可空类型，建立在泛型的基础上，int? 是 C# 的特定语法，实际上是 Nullable<int>
//int? num1;
//int num2;
//num1 = null;这是对的。
//num2 = null;这是错的。
/// <summary>
/// 上次登录时间
/// </summary>
public DateTime? LastLoginTime { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 用户组
/// </summary>
public virtual UserGroup Group { get; set; } //表示一个用户对应于一个用户组
}
}

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;namespace RegisterExample.Models
{
/// <summary>
/// 用户组
/// </summary>
public class UserGroup
{
[Key]
public int UserGroupId { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 用户组类型
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "类型")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
public UserGroupType Type { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 用户组名称
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "名称", Description = "2-12个字符。")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength(, MinimumLength = , ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 说明
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "说明", Description = "最多50个字符。")]
[StringLength(, ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string Description { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 用户组类型
/// </summary>
public enum UserGroupType
{
Anonymous, Limited, Normal, Special
}
}

using RegisterExample.Models;
using System.Data.Entity;namespace RegisterExample.Repository
{
public class RegisterContext : DbContext
{
public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }
public RegisterContext()
: base("DefaultConnection") //数据库连接字符串名字
{
Database.CreateIfNotExists();
}
}
}

namespace RegisterExample.Repository
{
//建一个类RepositoryBase，用来做***Repository的基类，里面写Add,Update,Delete,Find几个虚函数，方便在继承类里面这几个函数的名称统一。
public class RepositoryBase<TModel>
{
private RegisterContext dbContext;
public RepositoryBase()
{
dbContext = new RegisterContext();
}
/// <summary>
/// 添加【继承类重写后才能正常使用】
/// </summary>
public virtual bool Add(TModel TModel) { return false; } //在基类中，必须将允许重写的每个成员标记为virtual。假如一个public或protected成员没有包含virtual修饰符，就不允许子类重写该成员。virtual标志着方法或属性可在派生类中被替换（重写）。
/// <summary>
/// 更新【继承类重写后才能正常使用】
/// </summary>
public virtual bool Update(TModel TModel) { return false; }
/// <summary>
/// 删除【继承类重写后才能正常使用】
/// </summary>
public virtual bool Delete(int Id) { return false; }
/// <summary>
/// 查找指定值【继承类重写后才能正常使用】
/// </summary>
public virtual TModel Find(int Id) { return default(TModel); }
~RepositoryBase() //不知道为什么前面要加“~”。
{
if (dbContext != null)
{
dbContext.Dispose();
}
}
}
}

using System.Linq;
using RegisterExample.Models;namespace RegisterExample.Repository
{
public class UserRepository:RepositoryBase<User>
{
private RegisterContext dbContext;
public UserRepository()
{
dbContext = new RegisterContext();
}
/// <summary>
/// 添加用户
/// </summary>
/// <param name="user">用户信息</param>
/// <returns></returns>
//用override修饰的任何成员都自动成为虚成员，用override修饰的任何方法都自动成为虚方法。只能对基类的虚方法进行重写，所以重写的方法也是虚方法。
public override bool Add(User user)
{
if (user == null) return false;
dbContext.Users.Add(user);
if (dbContext.SaveChanges() > ) return true;
else return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 更新用户信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="user"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public override bool Update(User user)
{
dbContext.Users.Attach(user);
dbContext.Entry<User>(user).State = System.Data.EntityState.Modified;
if (dbContext.SaveChanges() > ) return true;
else return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 检查用户是否存在
/// </summary>
/// <param name="UserName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool Exists(string UserName)
{
if (dbContext.Users.Any(u => u.UserName.ToUpper() == UserName.ToUpper())) return true;
else return false;
}
}
}

using System.Linq.Expressions;namespace System.Web.Mvc.Html
{
public static class DisplayDescriptionExtensions
{
/// <summary>
/// 模型描述信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="htmlHelper"></param>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static MvcHtmlString DisplayDescription(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string name)
{
ModelMetadata _modelMetadata = ModelMetadata.FromStringExpression(name, htmlHelper.ViewData);
return MvcHtmlString.Create(_modelMetadata.Description);
}
/// <summary>
/// 模型描述信息
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="TModel"></typeparam>
/// <typeparam name="TResult"></typeparam>
/// <param name="htmlHelper"></param>
/// <param name="expression"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static MvcHtmlString DisplayDescriptionFor<TModel, TResult>(this HtmlHelper<TModel> htmlHelper, Expression<Func<TModel, TResult>> expression)
{
ModelMetadata _modelMetadata = ModelMetadata.FromLambdaExpression(expression,htmlHelper.ViewData);
return MvcHtmlString.Create(_modelMetadata.Description);
}
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 用户注册模型
/// </summary>
[NotMapped]
public class UserRegister : User
{
/// <summary>
/// 密码
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "密码", Description = "6-20个字符。")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength(, MinimumLength = , ErrorMessage = "×")]
[DataType(DataType.Password)]
public new string Password { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 确认密码
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "确认密码", Description = "再次输入密码。")]
[Compare("Password", ErrorMessage = "×")] //Compare特性用于确保模型对象的两个属性具有相同的值。
[DataType(DataType.Password)]
public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 验证码
/// </summary>
[Display(Name = "验证码", Description = "请输入图片中的验证码。")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "×")]
[StringLength(, MinimumLength = , ErrorMessage = "×")]
public string VerificationCode { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 没加密的用户信息
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public User GetUser()
{
//Password = Common.Text.Sha256(this.Password)
return new User { Address = this.Address, Email = this.Email, Gender = this.Gender, GroupId = this.GroupId, Password = this.Password, PostCode = this.PostCode, QQ = this.QQ, RegTime = this.RegTime, SecurityAnswer = this.SecurityAnswer, SecurityQuestion = this.SecurityQuestion, Tel = this.Tel, UserName = this.UserName };
}

using System.Web.Mvc;
using RegisterExample.Models;
using RegisterExample.Repository;
using System.Drawing;namespace RegisterExample.Controllers
{
public class UserController : Controller
{
private UserRepository userRsy; //
// GET: /User/ public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
public ActionResult Register() {
return View();
}
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Register(UserRegister userReg)
{
if (Session["VerificationCode"] == null || Session["VerificationCode"].ToString() == "")
{
Error _e = new Error { Title = "验证码不存在", Details = "在用户注册时，服务器端的验证码为空，或向服务器提交的验证码为空", Cause = Server.UrlEncode("<li>你注册时在注册页面停留的时间过久页已经超时</li><li>您绕开客户端验证向服务器提交数据</li>"), Solution = Server.UrlEncode("返回<a href='" + Url.Action("Register", "User") + "'>注册</a>页面，刷新后重新注册") };
return RedirectToAction("Error", "Prompt", _e);
}
else if (Session["VerificationCode"].ToString() != userReg.VerificationCode.ToUpper())
{
ModelState.AddModelError("VerificationCode", "×");
return View();
}
userRsy = new UserRepository();
if (userRsy.Exists(userReg.UserName))
{
ModelState.AddModelError("UserName", "用户名已存在");
return View();
}
User _user = userReg.GetUser();
_user.RegTime = System.DateTime.Now;
if (userRsy.Add(_user))
{
Notice _n = new Notice { Title = "注册成功", Details = "您已经成功注册，用户为：" + _user.UserName + " ，请牢记您的密码！", DwellTime = , NavigationName = "登陆页面", NavigationUrl = Url.Action("Login", "User") };
return RedirectToAction("Notice", "Prompt", _n);
}
else
{
Error _e = new Error { Title = "注册失败", Details = "在用户注册时，发生了未知错误", Cause = "系统错误", Solution = Server.UrlEncode("<li>返回<a href='" + Url.Action("Register", "User") + "'>注册</a>页面，输入正确的信息后重新注册</li><li>联系网站管理员</li>") };
return RedirectToAction("Error", "Prompt", _e);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 绘制验证码
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult VerificationCode()
{
int _verificationLength = ; //定义一个整数变量，作为验证码的长度。
int _width = , _height = ;//验证码背景大小？
SizeF _verificationTextSize;//存储有序浮点数对，通常为矩形的宽度和高度。 SizeF 结构的 Height 和 Width 的单位取决于用于绘制的 Graphics 对象的 PageUnit 和 PageScale 设置。
Bitmap _bitmap = new Bitmap(Server.MapPath("~/Content/Images/Texture.jpg"), true);//Bitmap类是封装 GDI+ 位图，此位图由图形图像及其特性的像素数据组成。 Bitmap 是用于处理由像素数据定义的图像的对象。 TextureBrush _brush = new TextureBrush(_bitmap);//TextureBrush 类的每个属性都是 Brush 对象，这种对象使用图像来填充形状的内部。 此类不能被继承。 //获取验证码
string _verificationText = Common.Text.VerificationText(_verificationLength);//得到随机产生包含6个由数字和字符组成的字符串
//存储验证码
Session["VerificationCode"] = _verificationText.ToUpper();//把字符转化成对应的大写字母,储存在Session对象的VerificationCode变量中
//Session 对象用于存储关于用户的信息，或者为一个用户的 session 更改设置。存储于 session 对象中的变量存有单一用户的信息，并且对于应用程序中的所有页面都是可用的。存储于 session 对象中的信息通常是 name、id 以及参数。服务器会为每个新的用户创建一个新的 Session，并在 session 到期时撤销掉这个 Session 对象。
Font _font = new Font("Arial", , FontStyle.Bold);
Bitmap _image = new Bitmap(_width, _height);
Graphics _g = Graphics.FromImage(_image);//从指定的 Image 创建新的 Graphics。
//清空背景色
_g.Clear(Color.White);
//绘制验证码
_verificationTextSize = _g.MeasureString(_verificationText, _font);//测量用指定的 _font 绘制的指定字符串_verificationText。
_g.DrawString(_verificationText, _font, _brush, (_width - _verificationTextSize.Width) / , (_height - _verificationTextSize.Height) / );
_image.Save(Response.OutputStream, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);//将该 Image 保存到指定的文件或流。
return null;
} public ActionResult Login() {
return View();
}
}
}

@model RegisterExample.Models.UserRegister@{
ViewBag.Title = "用户注册";
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
@Html.ValidationSummary(true)
<div class="form">
<dl>
<dt>用户注册</dt>
<dd>
<div class="label">@Html.LabelFor(model => model.UserName)：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.UserName)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.UserName)
@Html.DisplayDescriptionFor(model => model.UserName)
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Gender)：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.RadioButton("Gender", ) 男 @Html.RadioButton("Gender", ) 女 @Html.RadioButton("Gender", , true) 保密
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model)
@Html.DisplayDescriptionFor(model => model)
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Password)：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.PasswordFor(model => model.Password)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Password)
@Html.DisplayDescriptionFor(model => model.Password)
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">@Html.LabelFor(model => model.ConfirmPassword)：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.PasswordFor(model => model.ConfirmPassword)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ConfirmPassword)
@Html.DisplayDescriptionFor(model => model.ConfirmPassword)
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">@Html.LabelFor(model => model.SecurityQuestion)：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.SecurityQuestion)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SecurityQuestion)
@Html.DisplayDescriptionFor(model => model.SecurityQuestion)
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">@Html.LabelFor(model => model.SecurityAnswer)：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.SecurityAnswer)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SecurityAnswer)
@Html.DisplayDescriptionFor(model => model.SecurityAnswer)
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Email)：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email)
@Html.DisplayDescriptionFor(model => model.Email)
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">验证码：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.VerificationCode)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.VerificationCode)
<img id="verificationcode" alt="" src="@Url.Action("VerificationCode", "User")" />
<a id="trydifferent" style="cursor:pointer">换一张</a>
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label">注册条款：</div>
<div class="ctrl">
@Html.CheckBox("Agreement", new { @class = "required" })
我已阅读并同意注册条款
</div>
</dd>
<dd>
<div class="label"></div>
<div class="ctrl">
<input type="submit" value="注册" />
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div>
}
<script type="text/javascript">
$("#trydifferent").click(function () {
//alert(1);
$("#verificationcode").attr("src", "/User/VerificationCode?" + new Date());
})</script>

namespace RegisterExample.Models
{
/// <summary>
/// 提醒注意
/// </summary>
public class Notice
{
/// <summary>
/// 标题
/// </summary>
public string Title { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 详细内容
/// </summary>
public string Details { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 停留时间【-1-不启用】
/// </summary>
public int DwellTime { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 导航名称
/// </summary>
public string NavigationName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 导航地址
/// </summary>
public string NavigationUrl { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 错误
/// </summary>
public class Error
{
/// <summary>
/// 名称
/// </summary>
public string Title { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 详细
/// </summary>
public string Details { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 原因
/// </summary>
public string Cause { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 解决方法
/// </summary>
public string Solution { get; set; }
}}

@model RegisterExample.Models.Notice@{
ViewBag.Title = Model.Title;
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}<div>
<dl>
<dt>@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.Title)</dt>
<dd>@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.Details)</dd>
@if (Model.DwellTime >= )
{
<dd>系统将在 <span id="time">@Model.DwellTime </span>秒后跳转登陆页面。如未自动跳转请点击<a href="@Model.NavigationUrl">@Model.NavigationName</a>。</dd> <script type="text/javascript">
function Jump(time) {
//alert(1);
window.setTimeout(function () {
time--;
$("#time").text(time);
if (time > ) Jump(time);
else location.href = "@Model.NavigationUrl";
}, );
}
Jump(@Model.DwellTime);
</script>
}
</dl>
</div>

<connectionStrings>
<add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)\v11.0;Initial Catalog=RegisterExample;Integrated Security=SSPI;AttachDBFilename=|DataDirectory|\RegisterExample.mdf" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>

@{
ViewBag.Title = "用户登录";
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}<!DOCTYPE html><html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title>Login</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<h2>欢迎来到登录页面</h2>
</div>
</body>
</html>