AS信息安全，信息 安全

等级保护和风险评估的区别？

等级保护

等级保护是指对存储、传输、处理信息的信息系统分等级实行安全保护，对信息系统中使用的安全产品实行按等级管理，对信息系统中发生的信息安全事件分等级进行响应、处置。等级保护的核心是对信息系统特别是对业务应用系统安全分等级、按标准进行建设、管理和监督。国家对信息安全等级保护工作运用法律和技术规范逐级加强监管力度。突出重点，保障重要信息资源和重要信息系统的安全。

等级保护工作包括定级、备案、安全建设和整改、信息安全等级测评、信息安全检查五个阶段。

风险评估

风险评估就是量化评判安全事件带来的影响或损失的可能程度。从信息安全的角度来讲，风险评估是对信息资产所面临的威胁、存在的弱点、造成的影响，以及三者综合作用所带来风险的可能性的评估。作为风险管理的基础，风险评估是组织确定信息安全需求的一个重要途径，属于组织信息安全管理体系策划的过程。

等级保护和风险评估的不同：

①等级保护是指导我国信息安全保障体系建设的一项基础管理制度，而风险评估、系统测评则是在等级保护制度下，对信息及信息系统安全性进行评价的两种特定的、有所区分但又有所联系的不同的研究、分析方法。从这个意义上来讲，等级保护要高于风险评估和系统测评。

②等级保护的前提是对系统定级，系统定级根据系统信息的机密性、完整性、可用性等三大性来确定，即是明确各种信息类型-确定每种信息类型的安全类别-确定系统的安全类别三个步骤进行系统最终的定级。等级保护中的系统分类分级的思想和风险评估中对信息资产的重要性分级基本一致，不同的是：等级保护的级别是从系统的业务需求或CIA特性出发，定义系统应具备的安全保障业务等级，而风险评估中最终风险的等级则是综合考虑了信息的重要性、系统现有安全控制措施的有效性及运行现状后的综合评估结果，也就是说，在风险评估中，CIA价值高的信息资产不一定风险等级就高。

③等级保护其实就是帮助用户分析、评定信息系统的等级，以便在后期的工作中根据不同的等级进行不同级别的安全防护，而风险评估则是帮助用户了解目前的安全现状，以便在后期进行整体的安全规划与建设。我们可以用风险评估这种手段检查等保的落实和执行情况，将风险评估的结果作为实施等级保护等级安全建设的出发点和参考。

英语口语测试 介绍 信息安全专业

Information security means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction.[1] The terms information security, computer security and information assurance are frequently used interchangeably. These fields are interrelated and share the common goals of protecting the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information; however, there are some subtle differences between them. These differences lie primarily in the approach to the subject, the methodologies used, and the areas of concentration. Information security is concerned with the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data regardless of the form the data may take: electronic, print, or other forms.

Governments, military, financial institutions, hospitals, and private businesses amass a great deal of confidential information about their employees, customers, products, research, and financial status. Most of this information is now collected, processed and stored on electronic computers and transmitted across networks to other computers. Should confidential information about a businesses customers or finances or new product line fall into the hands of a competitor, such a breach of security could lead to lost business, law suits or even bankruptcy of the business. Protecting confidential information is a business requirement, and in many cases also an ethical and legal requirement. For the individual, information security has a significant effect on privacy, which is viewed very differently in different cultures.

The field of information security has grown and evolved significantly in recent years. As a career choice there are many ways of gaining entry into the field. It offers many areas for specialization including Information Systems Auditing, Business Continuity Planning and Digital Forensics Science, to name a few.

什么是信息安全、等级保护以及风险评估？

一、等级保护、风险评估和安全测评的概念和提出背景

1、等级保护

信息安全等级保护是指对国家秘密信息、法人和其他组织和公民的专有信息以及公开信息和存储、传输、处理这些信息的信息系统分等级实行安全保护，对信息系统中使用的安全产品实行按等级管理，对信息系统中发生的信息安全事件进行等级响应、处置。

注意：这里所指的信息系统，是指由计算机及其相关、配套的设备和设施构成的，按照一定的应用目标和规则对信息进行存储、传输、处理的系统或者网络。信息则是指在信息系统中存储、传输、处理的数字化信息。

提出背景：

1994年2月颁布的《中华人民共和国计算机信息系统安全保护条例》规定：计算机信息系统实行安全等级保护，安全等级的划分标准和安全等级保护的具体办法，由公安部会同有关部门制定。

1999年，公安部组织起草了《计算机信息系统安全保护等级划分准则》(GB 17859-1999)，规定了计算机信息系统安全保护能力的五个等级，即第一级：用户自主保护级；第二级：系统审计保护级；第三级：安全标记保护级；第四级：结构化保护级；第五级：访问验证保护级。GB17859中的分级是一种技术的分级，即对系统客观上具备的安全保护技术能力等级的划分。

2002年7月18日，公安部在GB17859的基础上，又发布实施了五个GA新标准，分别是:GA/T 387-2002《计算机信息系统安全等级保护网络技术要求》、GA 388-2002 《计算机信息系统安全等级保护操作系统技术要求》、GA/T 389-2002《计算机信息系统安全等级保护数据库管理系统技术要求》、GA/T 390-2002《计算机信息系统安全等级保护通用技术要求》、GA 391-2002 《计算机信息系统安全等级保护管理要求》。这些标准是我国计算机信息系统安全保护等级系列标准的一部分。

2004年，在《关于信息安全等级保护工作的实施意见的通知》(简称66号文)中，信息和信息系统的安全保护等级被划分为五级，即第一级：自主保护级；第二级：指导保护级；第三级：监督保护级；第四级：强制保护级；第五级：专控保护级。特别强调的是，66号文中的分级主要是从信息和信息系统的业务重要性及遭受破坏后的影响出发的，是系统从应用需求出发必须纳入的安全业务等级，而不是GB17859中定义的系统已具备的安全技术等级。

2、风险评估

信息安全风险评估是参照风险评估标准和管理规范，对信息系统的资产价值、潜在威胁、薄弱环节、已采取的防护措施等进行分析，判断安全事件发生的概率以及可能造成的损失，提出风险管理措施的过程。

提出背景：

风险评估不是一个新概念，金融、电子商务等许多领域都有风险及风险评估需求的存在。当风险评估应用于IT领域时，就是对信息安全的风险评估。国内这几年对信息安全风险评估的研究进展较快，具体的评估方法也在不断改进。风险评估也从早期简单的漏洞扫描、人工审计、渗透性测试这种类型的纯技术操作，逐渐过渡到目前普遍采用BS7799、OCTAVE、NIST SP800-26、NIST SP800-30、AS/NZS4360、SSE-CMM等方法，充分体现以资产为出发点、以威胁为触发、以技术/管理/运行等方面存在的脆弱性为诱因的信息安全风险评估综合方法及操作模型。

2004年，国务院信息化工作办公室组织完成了《信息安全风险评估指南》及《信息安全风险管理指南》标准草案的制定，并在其中规定了信息安全风险评估的工作流程、评估内容、评估方法和风险判断准则，这对规范我国信息安全风险评估的做法具有很好的指导意义。

3、系统安全测评

由具备检验技术能力和政府授权资格的权威机构，依据国家标准、行业标准、地方标准或相关技术规范，按照严格程序对信息系统的安全保障能力进行的科学公正的综合测试评估活动，以帮助系统运行单位分析系统当前的安全运行状况、查找存在的安全问题，并提供安全改进建议，从而最大程度地降低系统的安全风险。

注意：认证则是对测评活动是否符合标准化要求和质量管理要求所作的确认，认证以标准和测评的结果作为依据。

提出背景:

我国的系统认证虽然起步较早，但由于认证周期、建设差异等多方面的原因，目前的系统认证数量还非常少。在我国，中国信息安全产品测评认证中心(简称CNITSEC)是较早并较有影响力的开展有关系统安全测评认证的机构。

国家认监委等8部委联合下发的《关于建立国家信息安全产品认证认可体系的通知》(简称57号文)明确规定，对信息安全产品进行“统一标准、技术规范与合格评定程序；统一认证目录；统一认证标志；统一收费标准”的“四统一”的认证要求。在国家认监委对信息系统的安全认证相关具体意见尚未出台前，多数情况下，系统安全测评的结果可直接作为主管部门对系统安全认可的依据。

二、三者的联系和区别

等级保护是指导我国信息安全保障体系建设的一项基础管理制度，而风险评估、系统测评则是在等级保护制度下，对信息及信息系统安全性进行评价的两种特定的、有所区分但又有所联系的的不同的研究、分析方法。从这个意义上讲，等级保护要高于风险评估和系统测评。

打个比方：如果说等级保护是指导信息安全建设的宪法，风险评估和安全测评则是针对系统安全性评估或合格判定方面的专项法律。

写一篇英语关于“ 如何保证自己的网络信息安全”的英语作文

Recently,the news that U.S attack on China's Inter is always exposed.And the question of how to stay online safely raises a lot of discussion in our country.As a result,in the era of rapid development of neork,we must take measures to protect our security of privacy and property effectively.

最近的新闻都揭示了美国对中国网络的攻击.如何安全地上网在我国引起了大量的讨论.结果是在网络飞速发展的时代,我们必须要采取有效的措施来保护我们的隐私和财产安全.

From my perspective,in the first place,we should call attention to our personal information.Not only do we not offer them at random in some strange websites,but we need to distinguish right from wrong among the numerous websites.Furthermore,it is inevitable that some secure anti-virus soft wares can be installed.And it will make it possible for that neork can run more steadily.In addition to doing some work by ourselves,the government needs to draw up some policies to preserve national cyber security.It involves probing for deeply rooted reasons,devising creative solutions,developing high-tech talents and strengthening the supervision.

从我的角度来看,首先,我们应该关注我们的个人信息.我们不仅不随随便便在一些奇怪的网站提供自己的信息,而且我们需要在众多的网站之间明辨是非.此外,安装一些安全的杀毒软件是必须的.这使得网络运行更加稳定.除了我们自己该做一些努力之外,还需要 *** 制定相关政策来保护国家网络安全.这就涉及到探究深层次的原因,想出有创造性的解决方案,发展高新技术人才、加强监管.

Although scientists still cannot overe the problem pletely,they are studying a great deal about how to protect our national cyber security.However,consciousness of cyber security should not decline.Only in this way,we just enjoy the convenience brought by the neork.

尽管科学家仍无法完全克服这个问题,但是他们正在研究大量关于如何保护我们国家网络安全的办法.然而,不应该放松网络安全意识.只有这样我们才能享受到网络带给我们的便利.

现在急需两篇＂计算机信息安全＂的全英文文章,望帮助！

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英语作文：以安全为话题

SafetySafety is very important for everyone. As students, we should pay more attention to safety.Firstly, there are more and more cars on the road now. So when we cross the road we must be careful so that we can't be hit by the car. Then, having healthy food is also important. We shouldn't eat lots of junk food or unclean food. It isn't good for our health. What's more, we should use the Inter carefully. When a -friend wants to invite you to meet outside, you had better refuse him. He may be a bad person. Finally, we should learn some mon knowledge of safety to protect ourselves. In a word, if we do these things well, our life will be better!

关于安全的英语作文

人的生命只有一次，所以遵守安全规则是必不可少的，其中最容易被人们忽视，而又最重要的就是交通安全。

在科技发达的今天，豪华的轿车已经进入千家万户的时候，可怕的交通事故也随之而来。

据调查中国每年死于交通事故人数有十万左右，其中中小学生就占了12%，这些数字足以表明灾难的可怕性，看了真让人胆战心惊。

记得，报纸上报道过：在2005年1月24日，发生了一起严重的交通事故，原因是因为司机乱闯红灯。

那天，大雪纷飞，本来就很滑的道路上还结了一层薄薄的冰，车辆排成了一个很长的队伍。

绿灯显示马上再过2秒钟即将变为红灯，但是不知从哪里突然蹿出了一辆黑色轿车，跑到十字马路中间的时候，另一个方向是绿灯，第一排的面包车司机也非常抓紧时间，可怕误了一分一秒地向前冲去，正好与刚要转弯的黑色小轿车撞了个正着。

随后的车辆也因路滑而没有刹住车，造成了严重交通事故。

只听见“砰、砰”的几声响，四五辆车都堆到了一起。

有的车玻璃和倒车镜被撞碎，严重的有轮胎被撞掉，车头被撞歪，还冒起了微微的轻烟。

这起交通事故虽然没有人员死亡，却有很多人都受了伤，其中小轿车的司机可能会导致终身瘫痪……这起事故充分的说明了闯红灯的危险性，不怕一万，只怕万一，“红灯停，绿灯行”这是谁不知道的呢？何必为了争取那么一点时间而来冒这种危险，这种生死一线的事情，自己心里都是最清楚后果。

哪怕是多等一分钟，等到绿灯亮了，我们再走，这就保证了我们的生命安全。

遵守交通安全要从我们小学生开始做起，人人都应当做到，这样既保护了我们的生命，又减少了国家的财产损失，我们应该把交通安全牢记在心，真正做到一路平安。

本人想找一篇和网络安全有关的英文的文章,请各位朋友帮帮忙哦,...

Along with the calculator technical quick development, Be puting the business of on board processing also from according to the mathematics operation, document of the single machine processing, according to in brief link of the internal business of the internal neork processing, transact automation's etc. to develop to connect the business enterprise class of (Inter) a calculator a processing system and the information share in the world scope and business processing with each other according to the plicated internal (Intra), business enterprise exterior (Extra), world.At the system handle an ability exaltation of in the meantime, the conjunction ability of system also in the continuous exaltation.But at the time of linking an ability information and circulating an ability exaltation, according to neork conjunction of the safe problem is also increasingly outstanding, the whole neork safety mainly expresses a few aspects at the following:The physical safety, neork of neork rushes toward a structure safety, neork system safety, application system safety and neork management of safe etc..So the calculator safe problem, should the elephant each per family's fire prevention guard against theft the problem is similar, attaining to guard against in not yet.Even will not thought of you will also bee the time of[with] target by yourself, threatenning have already appeared, once taking place, usually caught unprepared, result in pole great damage.规定字数有限，想要详细信息，麻烦请给我邮箱，谢谢

交通安全月英语作文

篇一：交通安全Every year a lot of people got injured or died in traffic accidents. It is reported that many accidents resulted from people's breaking of traffic rules. So it is necessary for all to keep the traffic rules in mind and obey them strictly.When one crosses the street, one should take the crosswalk, underground passage or pedestrian overpass. If one is riding a bike or motorcycle, keep riding on the right side of the road. When the red light is on, please stop and wait until the green light is on. Give a hand signal if one wants to turn or stop. It is important to let the children know that playing on the road is very dangerous. Helping the aged and children cross the road is always a kind deed.If everyone obeys the traffic rules, it will be much safer to walk or ride on the road.篇二：交通安全交通安全的英语作文4篇交通安全的英语作文4篇With more and more cars ing into our families,we are happy that it has greatly improved our life. But unluckily,it has also brought many problems,such as heavy traffic and traffic accidents.（善意的谎言作文）Traffic safety is everybody's business. We must obey the rules. For example,we must walk on walk side,when we cross zebra – crossing,stop and look right and left,then go across fast. Don't play football on the road .we can tell our parents not to drink before they drive,not to run through red lights,not to talk and laugh while driving etc.We can say cars are ing into our life,but only when everybody thinks traffic safety is everybody's business can we be safe driving on roads and walking on sidewalks.

关于学生安全的英文作文电子邮件

1 关于校园安全的英语作文 Recently,six killing accident happen in elementary school,which have a bad influences on our social safety.These influences can be described as follow.Initially,the elementary school killing accident cause the students'panic,worrying about their own safety.What's more,it also cause the parents'and teathers' worry,and parents and teachers must pay more attention to their children's and student's safety.Last but not least,due to this,many other people hold panic for their own safety.From what we have discussed ,we know the serious consequence of killing accident in elementary school.So facing this accident,relative department should take effective measures to reduce the killing accident in elementary school,reducing the social panic,assurencing the social safety.2 关于饮食安全的英语作文 Dining safty has long been a major concern of human race,so,how can we assure that we are dinning safely?As the basic element of dining safty,source of the food is perhaps the most essential issue that we should focus upon,if the raw metrial itself can cause negative effects to the human body,nothing can be done to put it right.Kitchen hygiene will pehaps be another element that should be taken into consideration,including water source,type of cooking oil,quality of spicery used and blending of cooking material.To sum up,we have a lot to do to ensure dining safty3 关于学校安全的英语作文 Teachers and parents are working together to ensure the health and well-being of all children.Schools are really safe places for children to be,and they are the heart of the munity.Let's make sure they stay that way.Fortunately,schools,parents,and munities are finding practical ways to provide children the safe and disciplined conditions they need and should expect to find in school,such as by promoting *** aller schools,respectful munities,fair and rigorously enforced discipline codes,teacher training to deal with violence,school uniforms,and after-school programs that keep kids productive and of

如何保持安全 英语作文 初中水平

Schools are really safe places for children to be, and they are the heart of the munity. Let's make sure they stay that way.Fortunately, schools, parents, and munities are finding practical ways to provide children the safe and disciplined conditions they need and should expect to find in school, such as by promoting *** aller schools, respectful munities, fair and rigorously enforced discipline codes, teacher training to deal with violence, school uniforms, and after-school programs that keep kids productive and off the streets.We must get violence out of our schools, and we must put discipline and learning back in them.

跪求英语作文：主要内容是交通安全问题。

Automobile,the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies,marked by rapid change and growth ,is moving into a new era,an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.Discussion on the duality has bee very popular in newspapers or in people's chats. On the one hand, no one denies that automobile is currently one of the most useful transportation in our daily life. On the other hand, the automobile is more of a trouble as its abundance results in frequent traffic jams. The harm and loss they cost are incalculable. Heavy traffic will make much time waste for nothing and accidents happen form time to time. In addition, more and more private cars will make environmental pollution more serious, which will do harm to human beings.In my opinion, it is high time for the whole people to reduce the frequency of traffic jams. The first step should be to fundamentally chane lifestyles so that the car is no longer part and parcel of everyday life. Governments also need to apply attractive measures to draw citizens to adopt means of public transportation, for instance, to reduce prices and improve relevant facilities.汽车，最普及和最有影响力的现代技术，以快速变化和发展为标志，正在步入一个新时代，一个极为成熟和多样化的时期，这将重塑我们的生活和我们的世界。

在报纸和人们的闲谈中，汽车的双重性变成了非常流行的讨论话题。

一方面，不可否认的是，汽车是目前最有用的运输在我们的日常生活。

另一方面，汽车更是一种麻烦，因为其丰富的结果经常交通堵塞。

它造成的损失是不可估量的。

拥挤的交通会让时间白白浪费和事故发生呢。

此外，越来越多的私家车会使环境污染越来越严重，这将危害人类。

在我看来，这是高的时候，整个人的频率减少交通堵塞。

第一步是要从根本上改变生活方式，使汽车不再是日常生活的重要组成部分。

*** 还要采取有效的措施吸引市民采用公共交通工具，例如，降低价格，完善相关设施。

关于校园安全的英语作文 50——80词左右

Recently,six killing accident happen in elementary school,which have a bad influences on our social safety.These influences can be described as follow.Initially,the elementary school killing accident cause the students'panic,worrying about their own safety.What's more,it also cause the parents'and teathers' worry,and parents and teachers must pay more attention to their children's and student's safety.Last but not least,due to this,many other people hold panic for their own safety.From what we have discussed ,we know the serious consequence of killing accident in elementary school.So facing this accident,relative department should take effective measures to reduce the killing accident in elementary school,reducing the social panic,assurencing the social safety,

交通安全的英语作文25词

development of the society, people can live a better life in general. So becauseof the improvement of people' s living standard, more and more people own cars.Traffic jam es to life. While people in order to be punctual, they oftenignore the cars crossing on the road. This behavior will easily bring trafficaccidens. On the other hand, the car owner also want to be on time and thenregardlss the traffic rules, which is also easy to have traffic accidents. Boththe driver and people themseves' behaviourleads to accidents. Those accidents may take people's lives away. It's soterrible. Therefore, for the sake of life, the driver and the pedestrian shouldobey the traffic regulation as we have only one life.

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