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spring：如何用代码动态向容器中添加或移除Bean ？
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先来看一张类图：
有一个业务接口IFoo，提供了二个实现类：FooA及FooB，默认情况下，FooA使用@Component由Spring自动装配，如果出于某种原因，在运行时需要将IFoo的实现，则FooA换成FooB，可以用代码动态先将FooA的实例从容器中删除，然后再向容器中注入FooB的实例，代码如下：
1、IFoo接口：
package yjmyzz;import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;public interface IFoo extends DisposableBean { public void foo();
}
2、 FooA实现
package yjmyzz;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;//注：这里的名称fooA，仅仅只是为了后面演示时看得更清楚，非必需
@Component("fooA")
public class FooA implements IFoo { public FooA() {
System.out.println("FooA is created!");
} public void foo() {
System.out.println("FooA.foo()");
} public void destroy() throws Exception {
System.out.println("FooA.destroy()"); }
}
3、FooB实现
package yjmyzz;public class FooB implements IFoo { public FooB() {
System.out.println("FooB is created!");
} public void foo() {
System.out.println("FooB.foo()");
} public void destroy() throws Exception {
System.out.println("FooB.destroy()");
}
}
4、测试程序AppDemo
package yjmyzz;import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;/**
* 演示在运行时，动态向容器中添加、移除Bean
* author:菩提树下的杨过 http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.cm/
*/
public class AppDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml"); //从context中取出FooA实例
IFoo f = ctx.getBean(IFoo.class);
f.foo();//FooA.foo() //输出IFoo的Bean基本信息
System.out.println(f.getClass());//class yjmyzz.FooA
String beanName = ctx.getBeanNamesForType(IFoo.class)[0];
System.out.println(beanName);//fooA
System.out.println(ctx.isSingleton(beanName));//true //销毁FooA实例
removeBean(ctx, beanName);
System.out.println(ctx.containsBean(beanName));//false
System.out.println("------------"); //注入新Bean
beanName = "fooB";
addBean(ctx, beanName, FooB.class); //取出新实例
f = ctx.getBean(beanName, IFoo.class);
f.foo(); //输出IFoo的Bean基本信息
System.out.println(f.getClass());
beanName = ctx.getBeanNamesForType(IFoo.class)[0];
System.out.println(beanName);//fooB
System.out.println(ctx.isSingleton(beanName));//true System.out.println("------------");
showAllBeans(ctx); ctx.close(); } /**
* 向容器中动态添加Bean
*
* @param ctx
* @param beanName
* @param beanClass
*/
static void addBean(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext ctx, String beanName, Class beanClass) {
BeanDefinitionRegistry beanDefReg = (DefaultListableBeanFactory) ctx.getBeanFactory();
BeanDefinitionBuilder beanDefBuilder = BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(beanClass);
BeanDefinition beanDef = beanDefBuilder.getBeanDefinition();
if (!beanDefReg.containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
beanDefReg.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, beanDef);
}
} /**
* 从容器中移除Bean
*
* @param ctx
* @param beanName
*/
static void removeBean(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext ctx, String beanName) {
BeanDefinitionRegistry beanDefReg = (DefaultListableBeanFactory) ctx.getBeanFactory();
beanDefReg.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
beanDefReg.removeBeanDefinition(beanName);
} /**
* 遍历输出所有Bean的信息
*/
static void showAllBeans(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext ctx) {
//遍历
for (String name : ctx.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
System.out.println("name:" + name + ",class:" + ctx.getBean(name).getClass());
}
}
}
beans.xml配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="yjmyzz" /></beans>
输出：
FooA is created!
FooA.foo()
class yjmyzz.FooA
fooA
true
FooA.destroy()
false
------------
FooB is created!
FooB.foo()
class yjmyzz.FooB
fooB
true
------------
name:org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,class:class org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
name:org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,class:class org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
name:org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,class:class org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
name:org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,class:class org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
name:org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.importAwareProcessor,class:class org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor
name:org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhancedConfigurationProcessor,class:class org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$EnhancedConfigurationBeanPostProcessor
name:fooB,class:class yjmyzz.FooB
FooB.destroy()
