Excel2007制作直方图和正态分布曲线图

对同一维度的数据分析数据分布范围及分布趋势，要通过制作直方图和正态分布曲线图体现。

例如：已知所有员工的日收入，分析员工收入分布情况（51.7,50.6,57.9,56.9,56.7,56.7,55.3,56.1,53.7,54.5,56.9,51.9,52.1,55.1,54.9,54.7,55.3,55.3,54.5,54.9,54.5,55.3,54.9,54.3,53.7,53.5,53.7,53.1,54.5,53.1,53.9,53.5,53.3,53.9,53.5,53.5,52.5,53.3,53.5,53.3,53.7,53.1,54.5,53.9,56.7,54.5,54.3,55.1,54.1,54.5,53.9,53.1,53.3,55.3,55.7,56.1,54.7,53.1,53.3,52.7,53.1,52.9,53.1,54.3,53.1,52.7,53.1,53.3,53.1,53.3,53.1,53.3,55.1,54.7,54.9,54.3,53.9,53.7,53.9,53.5,54.5,54.3,55.5,55.7,55.5,54.9,55.3,55.5,53.7,54.1,53.9,55.7,55.9,53.7,53.5,53.1,52.3,52.7,52.9,53.3,53.9,52.7,53.5,53.1,52.7,51.9,52.5,53.9,54.5,55.7,55.3,54.9,53.1,52.9,54.1,53.3,54.7,53.9,54.3,54.1,53.7,53.3,52.7,52.9,52.5,53.9,53.5,54.1,54.1,54.7,54.9,54.9,54.1,53.3,52.9,53.7,53.9,54.3,54.1,54.5,54.7,54.9,52.1,52.9,53.5,52.7,53.1,53.1,53.5,52.9,52.9,53.1,53.3,52.7,53.5,53.9,54.9,55.1,54.3,55.1,54.3,54.3,53.9,54.5,54.5,54.3,55.3,54.5,54.9,53.5,52.1,55.3,55.7,55.7,55.5,54.5,57.7,54.7,53.7,53.1,53.7,55.9,56.1,53.9,53.7,53.3,53.9,53.9,54.5,54.7,56.1,55.7,53.1,53.7,53.5,53.9,53.9,53.5,53.3,53.1,52.5,55.9,55.7,54.1,54.3,54.1,54.1,54.5,54.5,55.1,53.1,53.3,54.1,54.3,53.9,54.1,54.7,54.7,53.7,53.1,53.3,52.7,53.5,52.9,53.7,56.5,56.1,55.7,55.5,56.9,57.7,56.5,55.7,54.1,54.7,55.7,55.5,53.1,52.7,53.1,53.3,53.5,54.3,54.1,54.5,54.7,55.7,55.5,54.1,54.3,54.7,53.1,53.3,53.1,52.7,53.1,53.7,53.1,54.7,54.5,55.1,54.7,54.5,56.1,55.7,53.3,52.5,53.7,54.1,53.3,52.1,52.3,53.1,53.3,53.5,53.3,53.1,52.7,53.1,55.7,55.1,54.3,53.7,53.1,52.9,53.1,52.7,52.5,53.1,53.5,53.1,53.3,54.1,55.1,54.9,56.1,55.7,56.5,54.7,53.7）

    一、制作直方图

• 将数据输入到EXCEL同一列中（这里放入A列）；
• 计算“最大值”、“最小值”、“极差”、“分组数”、“分组组距”；

最大值：max(A：A);（=57.9）

最小值：min（A:A）;（=50.6）

极差：最大值-最小值;（=7.3）

分组数：roundup(sqrt(count(A;A)),0);（=18）/*count（A:A）计算A列包含数字的单元格个数，sqrt求平方根，roundup按指定位数对数据进行向上四舍五入*/;

分组组距：极差/分组数;（0.4）

• 数据分组：选一个比最小值小的一个恰当的值作为第一个组的起始坐标，然后依次加上“分组组距”，直到最后一个数据值比“最大值”大为止。

这里第一个组的起始坐标选为50.5，依次增加0.4，最后一组坐标为58.2，共计20组

• 统计频率：统计每个分组中所包含的数据的个数。

方法：采用FREQUENCY函数，以一列垂直数组返回一组数据的频率分布,

1、=frequency(原始数据的范围,直方图分组的数据源);

2、先选中将要统计直方图每个子组中数据数量的区域

3、再按“F2”健，进入到“编辑”状态

4、再同时按住“Ctrl”和“Shift”两个键，再按“回车Enter”键，最后三键同时松开.

• 制作直方图：选择频率数插入柱状图
• 修整柱形图：设置数据系列格式-调制无间距

  二、制作正态分布图

• 获取正态分布概念密度：NORMDIST(作用：返回指定平均值和标准偏差的正态分布函数)

语法：
NORMDIST(x,mean,standard_dev,cumulative)

X 为需要计算其分布的数值；（以每一个分组边界值为“X”，依次往下拉）

Mean 分布的算术平均值；（Mean=AVERAGE(A:A)(数据算术平均））【这里为54.09】

Standard_dev 分布的标准偏差；（Standard_dev=STDEV.S(A:A)(数据的标准方差）【1.15】

Cumulative 为一逻辑值，指明函数的形式。如果 cumulative 为 TRUE，函数 NORMDIST 返回累计分布函数；如果为 FALSE，返回概率密度函数。

• 在直方图中增加正态分布曲线图：设置曲线图，选择次坐标轴