python之返回状态commands模块

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需要得到命令执行的状态则需要判断$?的值, 在Python中有一个模块commands很容易做到以上的效果.

commands.getstatusoutput(cmd) 返回一个元组（status，output）
status代表的shell命令的返回态，如果成功的话是0；output是shell的返回的结果

实例：

>>> import commands
>>> commands.getstatusoutput('ls /bin/ls')
(0, '/bin/ls')
>>> commands.getstatusoutput('cat /bin/junk')
(256, 'cat: /bin/junk: No such file or directory')
>>> commands.getstatusoutput('/bin/junk')
(256, 'sh: /bin/junk: not found')
>>> commands.getoutput('ls /bin/ls')
'/bin/ls'

应用场景-----监控磁盘状态

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
import commands
import sys
import timeSTATE_OK=0
STATE_WARNING=1
STATE_CRITICAL=2
STATE_UNKNOWN=3def foo():
j = 0
try:
for i in ['a','b','c']:
stat=commands.getstatusoutput('smartctl -H /dev/sd%s' %i)
if stat[0] == 0:
pass
#print '/dev/sd%s is ok;' %i,
else:
print '/dev/sd%s is error;' %i,
j+=1 if j != 0:
print 'Error - the %s diskes is error,' %j,time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
sys.exit(STATE_CRITICAL)
else: print 'OK - the disk (from a to k),all is OK,',time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
sys.exit(STATE_OK) except ValueError:
print "UNKNOWN"
sys.exit(STATE_UNKNOWN)
foo()