《汇编语言基于x86处理器》第十章结构和宏部分的代码

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▶ 书中第十章的程序，主要讲了结构与宏的使用

● 代码，使用结构，对比是否对齐的性能差距

INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
INCLUDE macros.inc structN STRUCT ; 非对齐的结构
Lastname BYTE DUP() ;
Years WORD ;
SalaryHistory DWORD , , , ;
structN ENDS ; 48 Byte structA STRUCT ; 对齐的结构
Lastname BYTE DUP() ;
ALIGN WORD ; +2
Years WORD ;
ALIGN DWORD ; +2
SalaryHistory DWORD , , , ;
structA ENDS ; 52 Byte .data
ALIGN DWORD ; 对齐到双字
startTime DWORD ?
empBad structN <>
emp structA <> .code
main PROC
call GetMSeconds
mov startTime, eax
mov ecx, 0FFFFFFFFh
L1:
mov empBad.Years,
mov empBad.SalaryHistory,
loop L1 call GetMSeconds
sub eax, startTime
mWrite "Time without align: "
call WriteDec
call Crlf call GetMSeconds
mov startTime, eax
mov ecx, 0FFFFFFFFh
L2:
mov emp.Years,
mov emp.SalaryHistory,
loop L2 call GetMSeconds ; get starting time
sub eax, startTime
mWrite "Time with align: "
call WriteDec ; display elapsed time
call Crlf call WaitMsg
exit
main ENDP END main

■ 输出结果，反复测试，时间差大概在 70 ms 左右

Time without align:
Time with align:

● 调用 win32 API 显示时间，并放到终端中的指定位置

INCLUDE Irvine32.inc COMMENT !
SmallWin.inc 中关于结构 COORD 和 SYSTEMTIME 的定义
COORD STRUCT
X WORD ?
Y WORD ?
COORD ENDS SYSTEMTIME STRUCT
wYear WORD ?
wMonth WORD ?
wDayOfWeek WORD ?
wDay WORD ?
wHour WORD ?
wMinute WORD ?
wSecond WORD ?
wMilliseconds WORD ?
SYSTEMTIME ENDS
! .data
sysTime SYSTEMTIME <>
XYPos COORD <, >
consoleHandle DWORD ?
colonStr BYTE ":",
TheTimeIs BYTE "The time is ", .code
main PROC
INVOKE GetStdHandle, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE ; 获取标准输出句柄，返回值在 eax，转入变量 consoleHandle
mov consoleHandle, eax INVOKE SetConsoleCursorPosition, consoleHandle, XYPos ; 设置终端光标位置 INVOKE GetLocalTime, ADDR sysTime ; 获取当前时间 movzx eax, sysTime.wHour ; 小时
call WriteDec
mov edx, offset colonStr ; ":"
call WriteString
movzx eax, sysTime.wMinute ; 分钟
call WriteDec
call WriteString ; ":"
movzx eax, sysTime.wSecond ; 秒
call WriteDec call Crlf
call WaitMsg
exit
main ENDP END main

● 使用宏包装以后的汇编 Wraps.asm，主要展示了 Macros.inc 的作用

INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
INCLUDE Macros.inc .data
array DWORD , , , , , , ,
string1 BYTE DUP(?)
string2 BYTE DUP(?) .code
main PROC
mGotoxy , ; 调整终端光标位置，并输出指定字符串
mWrite <"Macro Program sample:", 0dh, 0ah> mGotoxy ,
mWrite <"Go to Row 5, col 0.", 0dh, 0ah>
call Crlf mWrite "Input string 1: " ; 输入两个字符串，然后一并输出
mReadString string1
call Crlf mWrite "Input string 2:"
mReadString string2
call Crlf mWrite "Output the strings:"
mWriteString string1
mWriteSpace
mWriteString string2
call Crlf mDumpMem OFFSET array, LENGTHOF array, TYPE array ; 输出数组 call waitmsg
exit
main ENDP END main

● 代码，使用 WHILE 伪指令在编译阶段进行计算

INCLUDE Irvine32.inc .data
val1 = ; 先给三个常量，然后再定义成变量
val2 =
val3 = val1 + val2
DWORD val1
DWORD val2
DWORD val3 WHILE val3 LT 00010000h ; 使用 WHILE 在编辑阶段进行展开和计算
val1 = val2
val2 = val3
val3 = val1 + val2
ENDM .code
main PROC
mov eax, val3 ; 结果放进 eax 用于输出
call WriteDec
call crlf
call WaitMsg
exit
main ENDP END main

● 代码，使用 REPEAT 生成单链表

INCLUDE Irvine32.inc ListNode STRUCT ; 链表节点结构
NodeData DWORD ?
NextPtr DWORD ?
ListNode ENDS TotalNodeCount =
NULL =
Counter = .data
LinkedList LABEL PTR ListNode
REPT TotalNodeCount
Counter = Counter +
ListNode <Counter, ($ + Counter * SIZEOF ListNode)> ; 设置 next 指针要计算偏移量
;ListNode <Counter, ($ + SIZEOF ListNode)> ; 没有偏移量，next 指针指向自身，错误
ENDM
ListNode <, > ; 尾节点 .code
main PROC
mov esi, OFFSET LinkedList NextNode: ; 打印链表
mov eax, (ListNode PTR [esi]).NextPtr ; 检测是否是尾节点
cmp eax, NULL ; next 指针为空，说明已经到尾部了
je quit mov eax, (ListNode PTR [esi]).NodeData ; 打印节点保存的值
call WriteDec
call Crlf mov esi, (ListNode PTR [esi]).NextPtr ; 移向下一节点
jmp NextNode quit:
call WaitMsg
exit
main ENDP END main