Django_学生管理系统

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一. Django简易学生管理系统

1.在pycharm中创建工程student_manage_system，添加app:student_manage

2.配置静态文件：在工程项目目录下新建目录static，并在settings.py中追加代码

STATICFILES_DIRS=(os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),)

3.设计学生管理系统所需数据库

在studnet_manage/models.py创建班级管理表、学生管理表、老师管理表

from django.db import models# Create your models here.
class classes(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
teacher = models.ManyToManyField("Teachers")class student(models.Model):
StudentName = models.CharField(max_length=32)
age = models.IntegerField()
gender = models.BooleanField()
cs = models.ForeignKey("classes",on_delete=models.CASCADE)class Teachers(models.Model):
TeacherName = models.CharField(max_length=32)

model.py

在终端Terminal 项目目录下执行数据表更新命令：

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

4.学生管理系统之班级管理

1.为了方便分别操作班级、老师、学生相关的业务，将student_manage目录下的views.py 删掉，在student_manage目录下新建目录views，并在views目录下新建classes.py teachers.py students.py。

2.在classes.py 中写 get_classes， add_classes ，delete_classes ，edit_classes四个函数，完成对班级数据的增删改查

classes.py

3.在urls.py 中配置url路由

urls.py

4.在templates目录下建立所需的html页面文件

<1>get_classes.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<div>
<a href="/add_classes.html">添加</a>
</div>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>班级名称</th>
<th>任课老师</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in class_list %}
<tr>
<td>
{{ row.id }}
</td>
<td>
{{ row.title}}
</td>
<td>
{% for item in row.teacher.all %}
<span>{{item.TeacherName}}</span>
{% endfor %}
</td>
<td>
<a href="/delete_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">删除</a>
|
<a href="/delete_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">ajax删除</a>
|
<a href="/edit_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">编辑</a>
|
<a href="/set_teacher.html?nid={{ row.id }}">分配老师</a>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</html>

get_classes.html

<2>add_classes.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/add_classes.html" method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}
<input type="text" name="title" />
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

add_classes.html

<3>edit_classes.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>编辑学生信息</h3>
<form method="post" action="/edit_students.html?nid={{ obj.id }}">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>姓名<input type="text" name="StudentName" value="{{ obj.StudentName }}"/></p>
<p>年龄<input type="text" name="age" value="{{ obj.age }}"/></p>
<p>性别:
{% if obj.gender %}
男<input type="radio" name="gender" checked="checked" value="1"/>
女<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0"/>
{% else%}
男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1"/>
女<input type="radio" name="gender" checked="checked" value="0"/>
{% endif %}
</p>
<p>班级：
<select name="class_id">
{% for row in class_list%}
{% if row.id == obj.cs_id %}
<option value="{{ row.id }}" selected="selected">{{ row.title }}</option>
{% else %}
<option value="{{ row.id }}">{{ row.title }}</option>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交修改"/></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

edit_classes.html

5.学生管理系统之学生管理

1.在students.py 中写 get_students， add_students ，delete_students ,edit_students 四个函数，完成对学生数据的增删改查

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from student_manage.models import *def get_students(request):
student_list=student.objects.all()
return render(request,'get_students.html',{'student_list':student_list})
def add_students(request):
class_list = classes.objects.all()
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, 'add_students.html',{'class_list':class_list})
if request.method == "POST":
StudentName=request.POST.get('StudentName','')
age=request.POST.get('age','')
gender=request.POST.get('gender','')
cs=request.POST.get('cs','')
student.objects.create(StudentName=StudentName,age=age,gender=gender,cs_id=cs)
return redirect('/get_students.html')def delete_students(request):
nid = request.GET.get('nid')
student.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
return redirect('/get_students.html')def edit_students(request):
class_list = classes.objects.all()
if request.method == 'GET':
nid = request.GET.get('nid','')
obj = student.objects.get(id=nid)
print("class_list:",class_list)
return render(request,'edit_students.html',{"class_list":class_list,"obj":obj})
if request.method == 'POST':
nid = request.GET.get('nid','')
StudentName = request.POST.get('StudentName','')
age=request.POST.get('age','')
gender=request.POST.get('gender','')
cs=request.POST.get('class_id','')
print("class_id",cs)
student.objects.filter(id=nid).update(StudentName=StudentName,age=age,gender=gender,cs_id=cs)
return redirect('/get_students.html')

students.py

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url
from student_manage.views import classes,students,ajaxurlpatterns = [
#path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
url('^get_classes.html$',classes.get_classes),
url('^add_classes.html$',classes.add_calsses),
url('^delete_classes.html$',classes.delete_classes),
url('^edit_classes.html$',classes.edit_classes),
url('^get_students.html$',students.get_students),
url('^add_students.html$',students.add_students),
url('student_del_ajax.html$',ajax.student_del_ajax),
url('^delete_students.html$',students.delete_students),
url('^student_edit_ajax',ajax.student_edit_ajax),
url('^edit_students.html$',students.edit_students),
url('^set_teacher.html$',classes.set_teacher)
]

urls.py

3.在templates目录下建立所需的html页面文件

<1>get_students.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<div><a href="/add_students.html">添加</a></div>
<body>
<table border=1>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>班级</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in student_list %}
<tr nid="{{ row.id }}">
<td>{{ row.id }}</td>
<td>{{ row.StudentName }}</td>
<td>{{ row.age }}</td>
{% if row.gender%}
<td>男</td>
{% else %}
<td>女</td>
{% endif %}
<td>{{ row.cs.title }}</td>
<td>
<a href="/delete_students.html?nid={{ row.id }}">删除</a>
|
<a onclick="RemoveStudent(this);" href="#">ajax删除</a>
|
<a href="/edit_students.html?nid={{ row.id }}">编辑</a>
|
<a onclick="EditStudent(this);" href="#">ajax编辑</a>
</td> </tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody> </table>
</body>
<script src="/static/jquery-3.1.1.js"></script>
<script>
function RemoveStudent(ths) {
var nid=$(ths).parent().parent().attr('nid');
$.ajax({
url:'/student_del_ajax.html',
type:'GET',
data:{nid:nid},
success:function (arg) {
if (arg == 'delete successful'){
{#window.location.reload();#}
$(ths).parent().parent().remove();
}
else{
alert(arg);
}
}
})
}
</script>
</html>

get_students.html

<2>add_students.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>添加学生信息</h3>
<form method="post" action="/add_students.html">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>姓名<input type="text" name="StudentName" placeholder="姓名"/></p>
<p>年龄<input type="text" name="age" placeholder="年龄"/></p>
<p>性别: 男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1"/>女<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0"/></p>
<p>班级：
<select name="cs">
{% for row in class_list %}
<option value={{ row.id }}>{{ row.title }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交注册"/></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

add_students.html

<3>edit_students.html

edit_students.html

6.学生管理系统之教师分配

1.在classes.py中增加教师分配函数set_teacher

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from student_manage.models import *def get_classes(request):
class_list = classes.objects.all()
return render(request,'get_classes.html',{'class_list':class_list})def add_calsses(request):
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, 'add_classes.html')
elif request.method == 'POST':
title = request.POST.get('title')
classes.objects.create(title=title)
return redirect('/get_classes.html')
def delete_classes(request):
nid=request.GET.get('nid')
classes.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
return redirect('/get_classes.html')
def edit_classes(request):
if request.method=='GET':
nid = request.GET.get('nid','')
obj = classes.objects.get(id=nid)
return render(request,'edit_classes.html',{"obj":obj})
elif request.method=='POST':
nid = request.GET.get('nid','')
title = request.POST.get('title')
classes.objects.filter(id=nid).update(title=title)
return redirect('/get_classes.html')def set_teacher(request):
if request.method=='GET':
nid = request.GET.get('nid','')
class_obj=classes.objects.get(id=nid)
class_teacher_list=class_obj.teacher.all()
all_teacher_list=Teachers.objects.all()
return render(request,'set_teacher.html',{'class_teacher_list':class_teacher_list,'all_teacher_list':all_teacher_list,'class_obj':class_obj})
elif request.method=='POST':
nid=request.GET.get('nid','')
ids_str=request.POST.getlist('teacher_id','')
# obj = classes.objects.get(id=nid)
# obj.teacher.set(ids_str)
obj = classes.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
obj.teacher.set(ids_str)
return redirect('/get_classes.html')

classes.py

2.在templates目录下建立所需的html页面文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="set_teacher.html?nid={{ class_obj.id }}">
{% csrf_token %}
<select multiple name="teacher_id">
{% for row in all_teacher_list %}
{% if row in class_teacher_list %}
<option value="{{ row.id }}" selected="selected">{{ row.TeacherName}}</option>
{% else %}
<option value="{{ row.id }}">{{ row.TeacherName}}</option>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</select>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>